1. Standard—NF F 16-101:1988/ NF F 16-102:1992 Fire testing to railway components
NFF16-101: Railway Rolling Stock Fire Behavior Choice of Materials
NFF16-102: Railway Rolling Stock Fire Behavior Choice of Materials-Electrical Equipment
2. Standard Brief– NF F 16-101:1988/ NF F 16-102:1992 Fire testing
The purpose of this standard is to establish rules relating to the choice of materials according to their fire behaviour with regard to reaction to fire, opacity of smoke and toxicity of gases emitted.
This standard is application to all non-metallic materials, with the exception of paintwork where they form part of passenger railcars, cabins, vans, observation railcars, wagons and their trailers, including drivers’ cabins where they exist as well as engine drivers’ cabins.
For electrical equipment it is complemented by NF F 16-102
3. Types of rolling stock– NF F 16-101:1988/ NF F 16-102:1992 Fire testing
Types of rolling stock are classed into three categories A1, A2 and B.
Category A1 Rolling stock: All rolling stock, including drivers’ cabins, which travel frequently through tunnels.
Category A2 Rolling stock: Urban and suburban rolling stock, including drivers’ cabins, which travel infrequently through trailers. Main-line sleeper cars.
Category B Rolling stock: Main-line rolling stock with seats, including drivers’ cabins, which travel infrequently through tunnels. Locomotive and lovomotor drivers’ cabins.
4. Test method– NF F 16-101:1988/ NF F 16-102:1992 Fire testing
4.1 Reaction to fire—M classification
NF P 92-501: Building materials- Reaction to fire tests, radiation test used for rigid material or flexible materials thickness more than 5mm.
NF P 92-503: Electrical burner test used for flexible materials thickness no more than 5mm.
NF P 92-504: speed of spread of flame test used for the materials which are not intended to be glued on a rigid substrate.
NF P 92-505: Dripping test with electrical radiator, used for melting materials.
The combined results of these two tests lead to a classification in five classes M0 to M4.（M0、M1、M2、M3、M4）
4.2 I Classification of Oxygen index
Determination of the oxygen index (0.I), according to the requirements of EN ISO 4589-2
Glow wire test, according to the requirements of EN ISO 60695-2-11
The combined results of these two tests lead to a classification in five classes I0 to I4 (I0、I1、I2、I3、I4)
4.3 F Classification of smoke density and Toxicity
NF X 10-702- fire test methods-smoke emission-test of measurement of specific optical density of smoke by the combustion or the pyrolysis of solid materials
NF X 70-100- Fire behaviour tests—Analysis of pyrolysis and combustion gases-pipe still method.
The combined results of these two tests lead to a classification in five classes F0 to F5 (F0、F1、F2、F3、F4、F5)
4.4 wires and cables testing
Wires and cables shall satisfy test NF C 32-070. Afterwards they are subjected to test NF F 16-101, According to the results, they are classified in four classes A, B ,C and D .
5. NF F 16-101: 1988/NF F 16-102:1992 the main Fire test standard:
NF P 92-501 Epiradiateur flammability test-Hard material and the thickness more than 5mm NF P 92-503 Electrical burner test used for flexible materials of thickness not exceeding 5mm
NF P 92-504 Flame spread test
NF F 92-505 Droplet test
EN ISO 4589-2 Oxygen index test
EN 60695-2-11 Glow wire test
NF X 10-702 Density of smoke
NF X 70-100 Toxicity
NF C 32-070 Cable fire test
UIC 562-2 Annex A Seat fire test
6. NF F 16-101: 1988/NF F 16-102:1992 the main concerns:
M Classification : M0-M4 (the combined results of NFP 92-501、NFP 92-503、NFP 92-504、NFP 92-505 lead to the classification)
I Classification: I0-I4 (the combined results of EN ISO 4589-2、EN60695-2-11 lead to the classification)
F Classification: F0-F5 (the combined results of NFX 70-100、NFX 10-702 lead to the classification)
7. Application NF F16-101/NF F 16-102 Fire testing materials:
Rubber Product、Rubber seal
Window、door 、framework
Small parts
pipe、corrugate pipe、Heating pipe、Cooling pipe
Other materials